The article outlines the achievements of the Polish historiography concerning the Nordic region, from the inter-war period to the present times. The problems dealt with are included in the two main trends of the Polish historical research concerning Scandinavian questions: the topics of Polish-Nordic relations of any kind, and the topics of the history of Scandinavia itself and of the Nordic region. The third trend, much weaker than the two others, comprises the comparative studies concerning the social history, the history of states and cultures. Still another trend, the edition of sources to the history of the Nordic region, is hardly to be found in Polish historiography.The article is also areview of the main centres of Scandinavian studies in Poland, both individual scholars, single historians functioning at departments of history at universi-ties, and institutional centres of Polish Scandinavian Studies, especially the ones which carry out research into the whole region in an interdisciplinary approach: into languages, literature, culture, politics, economy and history. Some emphasis has been put on the weaknesses of the Polish research concerning the Nordic region, especially the ones re-sulting from the inability to use original archival materials and sources....
Despite many years of research at the site, the
Roman fort at Cape Aj-Todor near Yalta remains relatively
poorly studied. A better understanding of the
discoveries made at the site can be reached by comparing
them with the results of the excavations conducted
in another fort also located in Crimea – at Balaklava-
Kadykovka. This text is an attempt at gathering together
all the published information about the discoveries made at Cape Aj-Todor. The comparison of the research results
from both sites has enabled establishing numerous similarities
between them. Both forts functioned simultaneously,
and their architectural remains can be qualified to
identically dated phases. The final effect of the analysis
undertaken by the author is a more complete plan of the
fort at Cape Aj-Todor along with its surroundings, processed
in a new graphic formula....
Karasiewicz-Szczypiorski, Radosław; Mamuladze, Shota; Aslanischvili, Lasha; Daszkiewicz, Małgorzata(Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 2018)
The article collects the modest information on the use (and
possible production) of ceramic building material by the Roman army in
Colchis, using it as a backdrop for presenting the exceptional richness, in
quantity as much as diversity, of finds from Gonio/Apsaros. They are made
even more exceptional by the signatures found on these products. The article
presents documented examples of stamps on bricks, roof tiles and ceramic
pipes from the fort and links them with construction project of specific Roman
army units in the Cappadocia province. The results of laboratory tests
conducted on samples of ceramic products and raw clay from Gonio,
presented in Part 2, are an important element of the presented analysis.
Based on these results, it has been possible to distinguish two reference
groups for the production of which clay from near the fort was used.
However, it has not been possible to indicate the specific deposits of such
raw material used by the Roman army....
In the first centuries AD, Greek colonies scattered along the Black Sea coast were under the influence of the
Imperium Romanum. During the Roman period, some of the Greek public buildings, including various theatrical
facilities, continued to be in use. Information about such performances is provided in accounts written
by ancient authors, through the material acquired during archaeological excavations and by observing the
remnants of ancient buildings....
Kubrak, Oskar; Aslanishvili, Lasha(Centre for East European Studies University of Warsaw, 2018)
Stone balls are commonly found at archaeological sites associated with the Roman
army. They represent a great variety of sizes and were used for siege engines, as projectiles
for slingshots and large metal arrowheads.
During the archaeological research conducted in the Roman fort of Apsaros 115
stone balls of a variety of sizes and weights were found. This collection has been analyzed
and organized according to their diameter and weight. The results were compared
with the published research of stone balls from other places where the Roman army had
been stationed. The stone balls from Apsaros were compared to the information about the
ballista and their projectiles contained in Vitruvius’s text (Vit. De Arch. X,11.3).
All the stone balls found in Apsaros have been arranged in a chart. The coordinate
system shows the relation between the mass and the diameter of the individual bullets.
By using this method, we have established a better distribution of the collection of stone
balls, dividing them into fi ve groups as opposed to the three groups previously introduced.
In all cases for which it was possible, the place where the projectiles in the fortress
were found has also been provided. The localization of the fi ndings was compared with
the probable localization of the Roman fort of Apsaros from the fi rst centuries of our era.
The research of stone balls from the Roman fort Apsaros was possible thanks to
the cooperation between Polish and Georgians archaeologists during the Gonio-Apsaros
expedition. The joint expedition consists of researchers from the Institute of Archaeology
of the University of Warsaw, the Polish Center of Mediterranean Archaeology of the
University of Warsaw and the Cultural Heritage Preservation Agency of Adjara....