Social studies and anthropology, based on ethnographical research, take for granted the role of large populous groups in defining ethnicity. Self-definitions of the group, as well as definition by others, are interpreted as the central issues regarding large groups. The paper aims to argue for the key-role of elite groups in self-identification and ethnic creation. Small groups of elite, by defining their own “ethnicity” decided it for larger groups. This hypothesis will be tested and illustrated by test cases of ethnogenesis in Iron Age Palestine....
The Roman fort of Apsaros in Gonio (Adjara, Georgia) still holds answers to many issues connected with the Roman military presence on the Chorokhi river in ancient Colchis. In 2014, a Polish team joined the Georgian expedition to carry out excavation in two sectors directly east of the centrally located principia. The sites were chosen based on a study of the results of geophysical prospection carried out in 2012. Two phases, dated to the early and late Roman periods respectively, were recorded. The early Roman architecture was interpreted as part of the installations and structures of a large bathhouse (
balneae
), including a mosaic floor in one of the rooms. The building was destroyed at least twice, most likely in a catastrophic fire. The article discusses the stratigraphy and the dating of the early Roman
balneae
based on glass artifacts and coins....
The biblical passage concerning the siege of Jerusalem by David (2 Sam. 5:6-10), has drawn scholarly attention numerous times over the years. The formula of exclusion of the blind and lame from the Hebrew cult, which became popular in biblical literature, made this story particularly attractive. Despite the volumes of commentaries devoted to this passage there still remain alternative explanations and interpretations of the phrase that have not been sufficiently explored. To whit, it is possible that the passage contains words the original meaning of which have been forgotten. This article aims to explore the possibility of re-interpreting the saying about blind and lame in Jerusalem and its role, anew....
Jakubiak, Krzysztof; Iskra, Mateusz; Piliposyan, Ashot; Zaqyan, Artavazd(Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw (PCMA UW), Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego (WUW), 2016)
Jakubiak, Krzysztof; Jakubiak, Krzysztof(Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw (PCMA UW), Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego (WUW), 2016)
Kubrak, Oskar; Czapski, Maciej(Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2016)
Fort w Gonio, starożytnym Apsaros lub Apsarus, znajduje się w południowo-
zachodniej części Adżarii, autonomicznej republiki w Gruzji.
Został on wzniesiony w strategicznym punkcie dla rzymskiego garnizonu
wojskowego. Blokował wąski pas nadmorskiej równiny pomiędzy
brzegiem Morza Czarnego (obecnie oddalonym o ok. 0,5 km) i ostatnimi
wzniesieniami Gór Pontyjskich (odległymi o ok. 0,3 km). Obok kasztelu
przebiegała jedyna dogodna droga prowadząca na północ do Sebastopolis
(współczesne Suchumi), a na południe do rzymskich prowincji w Azji
Mniejszej. Około 2 km na północ od Apsaros znajdował się położony
na tym szlaku bród przez rzekę Chorokhi. Taka lokalizacja wyróżniała
Apsaros jako jedną z najważniejszych rzymskich fortyfikacji na tym
terenie. Wchodziła ona w skład Limesu Pontyjskiego lub tzw. Granicy
Pontyjsko-Kaukaskiej.
Badania polsko-gruzińskiej ekspedycji archeologicznej w Gonio-Apsaros
odbyły się dzięki współpracy Instytutu Archeologii Uniwersytetu
Warszawskiego, Centrum Archeologii Śródziemnomorskiej UW im.
Prof. Kazimierza Michałowskiego oraz Agencji Ochrony Dziedzictwa
Kulturowego Adżarii (Cultural Heritage Preservation Agency of Ajara)
a także Muzeum Gonio-Apsaros. Kierownikiem ze strony polskiej
jest dr Radosław Karasiewicz-Szczypiorski, ze strony gruzińskiej prof.
Shota Mamuladze. Badania wspiera biuro podróży Rainbow Tours S.A....
Gilewski, Michał(Pracowania Badań Historycznych i Archeologicznych Pomost, 2016)
In this paper, I discuss digital slow motion videography as a method of
recording rapidly occurring phenomena that are similar to past dynamic processes.
Slow motion videography has already seen use in documenting archaeological
experiments. In the past, this required expensive equipment and film. Only very
recently has this type of imaging become possible with consumer grade digital cameras
therefore allowing it to be utilized by archaeologists much more often, for example to
improve our understanding of stone tool making gestures. Until recently, slow motion
recordings were primarily used to demonstrate or facilitate an adequate, reflective
perception of experiment. However, today, digital media enables more varied footage-
based research through multiple recordings, video enhancement and integration of
data into computer databases and sharing and learning networks....